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From guns and gangs to Bill C-21: Canada's top public safety issues in 2023
December 19, 2023

From guns and gangs to Bill C-21: Canada's top public safety issues in 2023

As a career police officer, author, speaker and CTV News’s Public Safety Analyst, I watch public safety events unfold around the world, with a particular emphasis on policing. I write about some issues, talk about others, but I consider them all.


The top five issues of 2023 from my perspective, in no specific order:

MURDERS OF OUR POLICE OFFICERS

The fall of 2022 saw an unprecedented rash of murdered police including the murder of OPP Const. Greg Pierzchala in a shooting near Hagersville on December 27, 2022 – the same day he was told that he had successfully completed his probationary year. The first five months of 2023 saw a continuation of that tragic and senseless loss.


Const. Travis Jordan and Const. Brett Ryan of the Edmonton Police Service were shot and killed in hail of gunfire in March. Later that month, Sûreté du Québec Sgt. Maureen Breau was stabbed to death in Louiseville Que. Then OPP Sgt. Eric Mueller was fatally wounded by gunfire east of Ottawa in May. Most recently, RCMP Const. Rick O’Brien was shot in killed in September in Coquitlam BC. Other officers were seriously wounded in these incidents and in others, for no other reason than their wearing of uniforms. I pray that it was just a really bad year and not a sign of things to come.

BILL C-21

An act to place even more regulations around firearms ownership in Canada, including a freeze on the legal sale of handguns, was passed by the House of Commons in the spring and just recently proclaimed into law. I do not believe anything in this legislation will mitigate the threat of the violent use of smuggled U.S. handguns by criminals on the streets of municipalities and in Indigenous communities in this country. Smuggled handguns have always been illegal – as have true assault rifles and so-called 3D guns, and those that choose to use them are not afraid of the law, up to and including murdering fellow Canadians. The only people that will be impacted by this legislation are legal collectors and sport shooters that already obey the law to the letter, as well as the commercial businesses that lawfully sell handguns to them.


A so-called Red Flag law will give private citizens the ability to apply for a firearms prohibition against someone. Existing criminal code provisions already allow ‘police’ to seek ownership suspension and to obtain warrants to seize firearms from those that pose a threat to public safety, or without warrant in exigent circumstances. Will these public applications help? I’d prefer to see police remain the focal point on this. In addition, penalties upon conviction for some firearms offences were enhanced, which is great, but this same government was responsible for reducing some of those penalties since they came into power. I guess what was old is new again.


There are other items contained within the act but simply put, government’s claim that C-21 is “comprehensive” and suggestions that it is a game-changer of sorts are political rhetoric at its finest. I assure you we won’t soon see lineups of violent criminals and gang-bangers turning in their guns and applying for service industry jobs. Nor would the contents of this bill have prevented the Nova Scotia mass shooting or even the recent shooting deaths of children and adults in my hometown of Sault Ste. Marie, all of which were committed with illegally possessed firearms.

GUNS AND GANGS

And on it goes. The violent saga continues. I’m resigned to the reality that I may well have this item in my top five for the rest of my existence. We will not arrest our way out of this scourge. Police need support – from governments, the courts, the public, educators and various social service agencies. Mental health and addiction professionals have a huge role as well, as do parents. In the long-term, keeping young people out of destructive lifestyles is critical and in the short-term, rigorous intelligence gathering, investigations and enforcement is a must, including bail and parole improvements and stemming the 24/7 flow of handguns from the U.S. into our communities. If the federal government doesn’t soon support the RCMP and border protection officers with adequate funding and human resources to work international firearms smuggling cases and to interdict guns before they get into the hands of criminals here, we’re in trouble. That is where the firearm threat truly lies. Provincial and municipal police can help fight gun smuggling but can’t monitor thousands of kilometers of international border.

THE EMERGENCIES ACT INQUIRY

The commission, established following Canada’s questionable decision to invoke the never used Emergencies Act during “Freedom Convoy” protests in Ottawa and elsewhere in Canada in January and February of 2022, was led by Ontario Court of Appeal Justice Paul Rouleau. His report was released in February 2023.


Justice Rouleau largely defended the government’s decision to invoke the act, stating that he had concluded that a “very high threshold required for the invocation of the act was met.” I don’t agree, but he’s a Justice, and I’m not. However, he did go on to say, “I also reach this conclusion reluctantly.”


He was critical of police and government in terms of their “missteps” and “failures” around anticipating, planning and collaboration, following months of inconsistent evidence that showed tremendous communication disconnects from police leadership and personnel, and government agency perspectives. He felt that some of these errors allowed the Ottawa protest to take root and become so complex that government had to take extraordinary action (my words, not his).


Then RCMP Commissioner Brenda Lucki was effectively thrown under the bus by government bureaucrats and elected officials, who seemed to remember things differently than she did as to what she told them and when during the protests – things that should have lessened government anxiety that the act was required to restore order. Frankly, in my opinion, her evidence had much more of an air of sincerity around it than that of the contradictory witnesses but I digress. She submitted her letter of resignation as commissioner two days before Justice Rouleau released his findings.

INTERNATIONAL CONFLICTS

The Israel-Hamas war is horrendous to watch from afar, as is the ongoing Russian attack on Ukraine. The deaths of countless innocent people – including the rape and torture of women and children and destruction of historical buildings and infrastructure, is profound to say the least. But besides the provision of Canadian government tax dollars in these dreadful situations, there are other potential and significant impacts on us here in Canada.


Public protests – both pro and con, particularly around the Israel-Hamas war conflict - continue to occur. Some have been aggressive, and I predict over time will increase in intensity. These events are resource draining and publicly divisive at best. Will related acts of terrorism occur as these conflicts continue? Antisemitic and anti-Muslim threats and acts, even around places of worship and schools, are significantly on the rise. Police will be challenged from intelligence, prevention, response and investigation perspectives and it will get worse before it gets better. Police are already responding to new types of crime every day, but the old crimes and demands haven’t gone away. Now this. Something has to give.


I apologize if I sound doom and gloom, but these are serious issues that we all need to consider. It’s not new though. We’ve always had challenges and always will but I am confident we will remain light-years ahead of most countries in terms of our safety. I have complete trust in Canadian police to continue doing their best to make a difference and keep us safe but they need help – including from us and the governments we elect.


Wishing all a wonderful and safe holiday season and prosperous new year. Please thank an emergency responder when you can and pray for their safety every day of 2024.

Leadership involves risk, especially in policing

By Chris Lewis • March 28, 2026
Leadership is inundated with risk, every hour of every day, in all sectors. In policing, legislative authorities and established policy are the ever-present guideposts, but occasionally policy just doesn’t apply. At times someone has to just make a decision to do something, or not, or they will fail the public they serve and the personnel it is their duty to lead. If it goes bad, time to own up, do damage control, learn from it and move forward. It always frightened me when I saw some at the senior executive level in policing think that supervisors and managers operate in a pristine little bubble where nothing should ever go wrong. Then when it did because some supervisor tried their best to make something work for all the right reasons, they wanted to pigeon-hole the person that took the risk. There were times during my own career when executives were not encouraged to take any risk either. In fact, taking risk was career risk in itself. Despite the best of intentions, if it went bad, the one ‘responsible’ be forever labelled as having failed. Even if the gamble went well, the jaundiced eyes from above would still forever look at them as being a potential liability. It became the “Oh, him. He’s the one that...” At times the daily decision making of high-level commanders would be second-guessed by those in the executive suites – some of whom had never really commanded anything. My buddy retired Chief Wayne Frechette used to describe these folks as: “They’ve never been out after dark on company time.” I know this same concept was alive in many other police services. Some at executive levels actually did serve in operational roles at some point but they never took a risk. Somehow, they were fortunate to skate through difficult situations through sheer luck as opposed to good decision-making and never developed any scar tissue along the way. They didn’t learn from failure – they survived by luck. They also were viewed by weak executives above them as being golden because there was never a milli-second of negativity around them. They were Teflon. But those that worked under their “command” (for lack of a better word) had no respect for them. They simply watched them walk around with coffee in hand, never leaving the office or making a decision. It wasn’t leadership, but it did pave the way to stardom from on high, for some. True leaders do take risks at times. Many I worked with and for did it all and did it well. They did so in the best interests of those they served and those they led, because it wasn’t about themselves, but was done in the service of those that placed their trust in them. Policy simply doesn’t fit every situation. It is most often a guide that anticipates most circumstances that employees will face, particularly the more common (high-frequency) ones. But it cannot predict every possible scenario. When that happens in policing, it can occur in very unlikely situations (low-frequency) that are incredibly high-risk. Supervisors cannot say “Sorry folks, the book doesn’t cover this one” and run away crying. They also don’t have time to tell bad guys, “Hey big fella, sit tight. We need to take a pause here and get the whiteboard out so we can have a group-think about how to stop your murderous rampage.” I think that many pseudo-leaders – far too many, are afraid to make risky decisions out of fear that an error will jeopardize their career. Instead, they risk their careers by not making decisions. Or as I like to say: “their fear of career-risk, risks their careers.” This can be fatal in the policing world. When a police supervisor shirks their responsibilities or quivers, sucks their thumb, and prays for the situation to go away, thankfully constables will come forward and do their best to get their teammates through it. Sometimes that ends well and when the supervisor emerges from their fear-induced coma, they will more often than not take credit for the success. But when the situation goes to hell-in-a-handbasket – despite best efforts, the pseudo-leader will document the risk-taking employee and add another bullet-point to their list of things they’ve done to “hold people accountable.” The panel at their next promotional interview will likely hear the false rendition proudly told. I hear examples of this practise from serving police officers across North America on a much too frequent basis. True leaders develop a culture of trust among those they lead that their suggestions and feedback are encouraged and valued. Their confidence that the leader wants their input encourages them to constantly analyze situations and give thought to what policy says and the options available when policy says nothing. That is good for the employee’s development and may save the leader’s hind-end and the continuity of the team on occasion when an employee steps forward in a crisis. Having said that, there will clearly be situations where there isn’t time for the whiteboard, and a decision needs to be made by the responsible “leader.” When it doesn’t work out, the real leader will step forward and be accountable. But when it does go well, the true leader will allow the light to shine on the team they have the honour to lead. In my view, we’re not seeing enough of that in North American policing. We need more genuine leaders at all levels of law enforcement organizations. Developing and promoting real leaders that can manage risk effectively is a must. Anything less fails everyone.

Why Joint Forces Operations Are No Longer Optional

By Chris Lewis • March 26, 2026
They used to be simply a "nice to have."

Police investigating police: Is there another option?

By Chris Lewis • March 18, 2026
The March 17 th announcement by the Toronto Police Service (TPS) regarding the Ontario Provincial Police (OPP) investigation into allegations by an Ontario Justice that three TPS officers colluded and lied during a 2024 murder trial against a man that ran over and killed TPS Constable Jeffrey Northrup in 2021, has further inflamed the debate over who should investigate alleged police wrongdoing. This instance combined with the recent arrests and ongoing police investigation into several TPS officers for their alleged involvement with organized crime, has brought this discussion to a boiling point. I appreciate the public perceptions around this investigative model given that the average citizen doesn’t necessarily understand the professionalism and commitment of police investigative teams like the recent OPP Criminal Investigation Branch (CIB) group. I have all the confidence the world in that team, but I also personally know the ability and integrity of the OPP Detective Inspector in-charge. So, if these investigations aren’t carried out by police, who will do them? They do not fall under the mandate of the Ontario Special Investigations Unit (SIU), which by the way is largely comprised of former police criminal investigators and forensic identification experts, many of whom investigated homicides in police services. For SIU to assume a larger role, they would have to grow exponentially and expand their team of ‘former cops’. These cases generally do not fall under the purview of Ontario’s Inspectorate of Policing either. They would loosely fall under the oversight role of Ontario’s Law Enforcement Complaints Agency (LECA), who is responsible for receiving, managing and overseeing public complaints against police, but frankly they don’t have mandate or the horsepower to conduct complex criminal investigations. They oversee the “public complaints” that may lead to a criminal investigation, but the investigation would be the responsibility of a police service to conduct. An expansion of the LECA would require a tremendous amount of funding and human resources, most of whom would also be former police officers. Hiring and training civilians to conduct such investigations is an option, but largely an incomprehensible one. Police criminal investigators are trained officers that generally start out as uniformed officers responding to occurrences and investigating more routine and less serious crimes, i.e. minor assaults and property crimes. They build investigative expertise over time, including in interviewing and interrogation; gathering and securing physical evidence; legal processes like obtaining judicial authorizations; presenting evidence in court; and various investigative strategies. They learn how to work with special police units that provide specific investigative skills, and more. All of this doesn’t happen overnight, but over a period of years and with the tutelage of more experienced investigators along that journey. Trying to turn a group of young and well-educated civilians – no matter how intelligent and well-intended, into a team of elite investigators, would be a complete disaster and unfair to the public or to the officers being investigated. Over my many years as a member or as the Director of the OPP CIB, my colleagues and I investigated criminal allegations against cops from other agencies. Before the SIU was formed, we investigated officers from many Ontario police services – large and small, who had used deadly force. Many were cleared and a number were arrested and charged. We also investigated criminal allegations against police chiefs in Ontario. Again, several were appropriately cleared, and some were brought before the courts. Municipal, provincial and federal elected officials were similarly investigated and some charged. Our members also investigated police officers in other provinces, including high-ranking ones. I personally investigated two Royal Newfoundland Constabulary officers that were involved in an arrest that result in the death of a suspect. They were properly exonerated, but I would have charged them in a heartbeat if they had wrongfully killed than man. I arrested an OPP Sergeant for sexual assault. A CIB colleague investigated and arrested two different OPP officers for criminal offences. Both of those officers had been personal friends of mine and years later committed suicide. There are tons of similar examples that I can refer to over my career. All of these involved the oversight and legal analysis of a Crown Attorney, sometimes from another province. The interesting thing, and what most of the anti-police folks will never believe, is that in every single one of those investigations, the dialogue that I was involved in with other officers that I worked with or supervised, involved doing what was right. In other words, “If the allegation is substantiated, we will put the case together, arrest them and put them before the courts.” Not even once, did we think about or do anything that would give an officer a pass when they committed a criminal offence. Never. I have every confidence in the world that the vast majority of municipal and RCMP colleagues across Canada would operate under the same guiding principle. Has the occasional officer worked in conflict with that approach? Undoubtedly. Were some investigators not as committed or capable as they should be and perhaps did a poor investigation accidentally or deliberately? Quite likely so. But I truly believe those cases are the exception, not the rule in criminal investigations. Where I more often believe poor investigations or deliberate attempts to inappropriately give a colleague a break continues to occur, is in Police Act investigations, where policy or employee harassment wrongdoings are suspected. I like to think that the focus on that continues to improve, but not fast enough in some cases. Sadly, I know now that unbeknownst to me at the time, it happened under my watch. A focus for my next article. The public and police deserve the very best of investigators to ensure that bad cops are effectively put out of business and good officers are cleared. If there’s another effective option that would appease the doubting public – aside from using current officers from other agencies or creating a new and costly entity that would be staffed by former police officers, I’d like to hear it.